Sir Frederick Haultain (1857 – 1942) was a British-born, Laurentian-educated, Western Canadian lawyer, an elected representative and judge.

He was the first Premier of the Northwest Territories, first elected to the territorial council in 1887 for the (southern Alberta) riding of Macleod.

Opposed by Laurentian élites, Haultain wanted what now is Alberta and Saskatchewan to be one province named “Buffalo,” and to be governed with full constitutional powers by a non-partisan administration. This idea was not acceptable to the federal Liberal Party of the day, governing under Wilfred Laurier.

After the 1905 formation of Alberta and Saskatchewan, Haultain represented South Qu’Appelle in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan as a member of the Provincial Rights caucus, and served as the Leader of the Official Opposition. He led the charge against the illegitimate federal control of the province’s public lands and natural resources.

Haultain left politics in 1912. He became chief justice of the Saskatchewan court of appeals and the second chancellor of the University of Saskatchewan in 1917. He died in Montreal in 1942 but his ashes are buried in Saskatoon.